Stan Lester Developments

Stan Lester Developments

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work-based learning

competence standards

learning & development

Professional competence

Work-based learning

Selected publications

Papers on methodology

► “Success factors in consultancy projects: making ‘maps that work’”, Work-based Learning 12 (2), 1-16 (2024)

► Developing professional competence standards, publication of the project ComProCom (2017)

► Soft systems methodology (2008)

► An introduction to phenomenological research (1999).

Papers on professions, professional development and qualifying processes

► Higher and Degree Apprenticeships as professional entry and progression routes, Bolton, UVAC (2025)

► “Architecture in the UK: a study in professional entry-routes and entry-gates”, Higher Education, Skills and Work-based Learning 12 (1), 1-12 (2022)

► “New technology and professional work”, Professions and Professionalism 10 (1), 1-15 (2020)

► “Reconciling activity-based descriptions of competence with professional work”, Higher Education, Skills and Work-based Learning 7 (4), 381-393 (2017)

► “The development of self-regulation in four UK professional communities”, Professions and Professionalism 6 (1), 1-14 (2016)

► Association and self-regulation in smaller UK professions, Avista Press (2014)

► “Professional competence standards and frameworks in the UK”, Assessment and Evaluation in Higher Education 39 (1), 38-52 (2014)

► “Professional organisation and self-regulation in family mediation in England and Wales”, Family Law 44, 1338-1341, 1472-1475, and 1610-1613 (2014)

► Some notes on European Directives, professions and qualifications frameworks, input to the Irish Bologna experts conference, Dublin (April 2010)

► “Professional bodies’ advanced designations and awards,” Bristol, Professional Associations Research Network: PARN Occasional Paper (2009)

► “Routes to qualified status: practices and trends among UK professional bodies,” Studies in Higher Education 34 (2), 223-236 (2009)

► Routes and requirements for becoming professionally qualified, Professional Associations Research Network (2008)

► "Becoming a profession: conservation in the United Kingdom," Journal of the Society of Archivists 23 (1), 87-94 (2002)

► "Professional bodies, CPD and informal learning: the case of conservation," Continuing Professional Development 2 (4), 110-121 (1999).

Papers on work-based learning and apprenticeships

► Higher and Degree Apprenticeships as professional entry and progression routes, Bolton, UVAC (2025)

► “Integrated professional development pathways: learning-integrated work?”, pp. 125-141 in Barr, M. (ed). Approaches to work-based learning in higher education. Routledge (2025) (link is to abstract on publisher site)

► Assessment challenges in integrated professional development, UVAC conceptual paper 3 (2024)

► Beyond Degree Apprenticeships: conceptualising integrated professional development, UVAC conceptual paper 1 (2024)

► (S Lester & M Crawford-Lee) “Learning from digital adaptations to the pandemic: enhancing work-based higher education”, Higher Education, Skills and Work-based Learning (2023)

► “Reconsidering negotiated work-based learning in the digital age”, summary conference paper (2022)

► (S Lester, D Bravenboer & F Lillis) Tri-partite reviews: a signature pedagogy for police education, Middlesex University (2021)

► “Creating conditions for sustainable Degree Apprenticeships in England”, Higher Education, Skills and Work-based Learning 10 (5), 701-714 (2020)

► (S Lester & D Bravenboer) Sustainable Degree Apprenticeships, Middlesex University/Edge Foundation (2020).

► “Higher vocational education and training in England”, pp. 44-75 in Hippach-Schneider, U. and Schneider, V. (eds.), Tertiary vocational education in Europe: examples from six education systems. Bonn: Bundesinstitut für Berufsbildung (2016). (The link is to the full report, 14Mb).

► (S Lester, D Bravenboer & N Webb) Work-integrated degrees: context, engagement, practice and quality, literature review for the Quality Assurance Agency (2016)

► (Darryll Bravenboer & Stan Lester) “Towards an integrated approach to professional competence and academic qualification”, Education + Training 58 (4),409-421 (2016)

► “A qualification system fit for adults? Revisiting some ideas from the University for Industry”, Higher Education, Skills and Work-based Learning 5 (2), 102-116 (2015)

► (S Lester & C Costley) “Work-based learning at higher education level: value, practice and critique”, Studies in Higher Education 35 (5), 561-575 (2010)

► "Negotiated work-based learning: from delivery to realisation”, Capability 5 (1), 6-9 (2002).

Papers on competence standards and frameworks

► (S Lester, A Koniotaki & J Religa) “ComProCom: a revised model of occupational competence”, Education + Training (2018)

► “Reconciling activity-based descriptions of competence with professional work”, Higher Education, Skills and Work-based Learning 7 (4), 381-393 (2017)

► (S Lester & J Religa) “’Competence’ and occupational standards: observations from six European countries”, Education and Training 59 (2), 201-214 (2017)

► Competence: a definition and a model (ComProCom, 2017)

► Developing professional competence standards (guidance manual from the project ComProCom, 2017)

► “Competence standards and frameworks: some lessons from the United Kingdom”, Edukacja ustawiczna Dorosłych/Polish Journal of Continuing Education 3 (90), 132-141 (2015)

► “Professional versus occupational perspectives on work competence”, Research in Post-Compulsory Education 19 (3), 276–286 (2014)

► “Professional standards, competence and capability”, Higher Education, Skills and Work-based Learning 4 (1), 31-43 (2014)

► “Professional competence standards and frameworks in the UK”, Assessment and Evaluation in Higher Education 39 (1), 38-52 (2014)

► Novice to Expert: a table based on the Dreyfus Skill Acquisition Model

Papers on qualifications and qualification frameworks

► “Sequential schooling or lifelong learning? International frameworks through the lens of English higher professional and vocational education”, Education + Training 60 (2), 213-224 (2018)

► “Higher vocational education and training in England”, pp. 44-75 in Hippach-Schneider, U. and Schneider, V. (eds.), Tertiary vocational education in Europe: examples from six education systems. Bonn: Bundesinstitut für Berufsbildung (2016). (The link is to the full report, 14Mb).

► “The European Qualifications Framework: a technical critique”, Research in Post-Compulsory Education 20 (2), 159-172 (2015)

► “A qualification system fit for adults? Revisiting some ideas from the University for Industry”, Higher Education, Skills and Work-based Learning 5 (2), 102-116 (2015)

► “Developing a European practitioner certificate: the TRAVORS2 project”, Research in Post-Compulsory Education 18 (3), 297-308 (2013)

► “The UK Qualifications and Credit Framework: a critique,” Journal of Vocational Education and Training 63 (2), 205-216 (2011)

► Some notes on European Directives, professions and qualifications frameworks, input to the Irish Bologna experts conference, Dublin (2010)

► Qualification and credit levels: a technical document, Stan Lester Developments (2009)

► "The construction of qualification levels and frameworks: issues from three UK projects," Higher Education Quarterly 55 (4), 396-415 (2001)

Papers on doctorates

► “Practice as Research: developing the workplace project”, pp. 117-133 in V. Storey & K. Hesbol (eds.), Contemporary approaches to dissertation development and research methods. Hershey PA, IGI Global (2016)

► “Creating original knowledge in and for the workplace”, Studies in Continuing Education 34 (3), 267-280 (2012)

► (C Costley & S Lester) “Work-based doctorates: professional extension at the highest levels”,Studies in Higher Education 37 (3), 257-269 (2012)

► “Doctoral-level qualifications outside of universities”, Work Based Learning 1 (2), 1010rtb (2010)

► "Conceptualising the practitioner doctorate", Studies in Higher Education 29 (6), 757-770 (2004)

► (K Doncaster & S Lester) "Capability and its development: experiences from a work-based doctorate", Studies in Higher Education 27 (1), 91-101 (2002)

Papers on learning and development

► (S Lester & M Crawford-Lee) “Learning from digital adaptations to the pandemic: enhancing work-based higher education”, Higher Education, Skills and Work-based Learning (2023)

► (S Lester & J Hofmann) “Some pedagogical observations on using augmented reality in a vocational practicum”, British Journal of Educational Technology 51 (3), 645-656 (2020)

► “Creating original knowledge in and for the workplace”, Studies in Continuing Education 34 (3), 267-280 (2012)

► “Bridging the gap from student to capable practitioner”, paper developed from project application Educon (University of Oslo) (2012)

► (S Lester & C Costley) “Work-based learning at higher education level: value, practice and critique”, Studies in Higher Education 35 (5), 561-575 (2010)

► "Negotiated work-based learning: from delivery to realisation”, Capability 5 (1), 6-9 (2002).

► (K Doncaster & S Lester) "Capability and its development: experiences from a work-based doctorate", Studies in Higher Education 27 (1), 91-101 (2002)

► "Professional bodies, CPD and informal learning: the case of conservation," Continuing Professional Development 2 (4), 110-121 (1999).

Papers on assessment

► Assessment challenges in integrated professional development, UVAC conceptual paper 3 (2024)

► “Work-based assessment principles and practice,” Stan Lester Developments/TRAVORS2 resource document (2011)

► “Professional practice projects: APEL or development?,” Journal of Workplace Learning 19 (3), 188-202 (2007)

► "Assessing professional practice 'in the field': experiences from the PACR scheme," Research in Post-Compulsory Education 6 (2), 175-185 (2001)

► "The Professional Accreditation of Conservator-Restorers: developing a competence-based professional assessment system," Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education 24 (4), 411-423 (2000)

► "Assessing the self-managing learner: a contradiction in terms?", in D O'Reilly, L Cunningham & S Lester (eds) Developing the Capable Practitioner: professional capability through higher education, Kogan Page (1999)

Papers on digital learning and new technology

► (S Lester & M Crawford-Lee) “Learning from digital adaptations to the pandemic: enhancing work-based higher education”, Higher Education, Skills and Work-based Learning (2023)

► “Reconsidering negotiated work-based learning in the digital age”, summary conference paper (2022)

► “New technology and professional work”, Professions and Professionalism 10 (1), 1-15 (2020)

► (S Lester & J Hofmann) “Some pedagogical observations on using augmented reality in a vocational practicum”, British Journal of Educational Technology 51 (3), 645-656 (2020).

© Stan Lester 2023